{"id":1671,"date":"2021-01-14T11:11:26","date_gmt":"2021-01-14T03:11:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/blog\/?p=1671"},"modified":"2021-01-17T00:18:45","modified_gmt":"2021-01-16T16:18:45","slug":"%e7%82%ba%e7%94%9a%e9%ba%bc%e6%96%b0%e7%95%8c%e8%bc%83%e5%b8%82%e5%8d%80%e7%82%ba%e5%86%b7%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/%e7%82%ba%e7%94%9a%e9%ba%bc%e6%96%b0%e7%95%8c%e8%bc%83%e5%b8%82%e5%8d%80%e7%82%ba%e5%86%b7%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u65b0\u754c\u8f03\u5e02\u5340\u70ba\u51b7\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"minichk\"<\/a>
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天文台經常在天氣報告中預測「晚間新界氣溫低兩三度」，是甚麼原因？ 香港地形複雜，除了維港兩岸地區，還有山脈、平原、盆地，因此氣溫分佈不平均。我們不能單靠天文台的氣溫去評估自己所處地區的情況，不然就會「著錯衫」，埋怨天文台的預測不準確。 市區高樓林立，大部分為混凝土結構，日間吸收太陽熱量，晚間釋放出來；加上車輛廢氣等溫室氣體積聚，減慢降溫；北面亦有大帽山、獅子山等阻擋，因此晚上市區氣溫一般較高。 雖然近年新界已發展不少，但沒有山脈作為屏障，加上植被的因素（市區多為混凝土，新界多為樹木及草地），散熱較快，晚上氣溫一般較低。而雲、風和水汽對減慢降溫有重要作用。雲就像鍋的蓋子，阻擋熱量向高空散失；風將地面低層的空氣混合，令降溫的速度減慢。水汽儲存熱量，令氣溫較穩定。 踏入冬季，西伯利亞的冷空氣變得更加強盛，每隔一段時間便會南下，稱為寒潮爆發。當冷空氣到達香港後，氣溫開始下降。由於冷空氣需要時間滲透，一般而言第二個晚上氣溫才會到達最低。假如冷空氣有足夠厚度，天氣會轉為晴朗乾燥。但假如冷空氣較薄，高空吹偏南風，天氣會轉為密雲甚至有雨。 在晴朗乾燥及風力微弱的晚上，新界部分地區例如打鼓嶺、流浮山、石崗、沙田及北潭涌等氣溫會迅速下降，可能比市區低5-10度，這個現象稱為輻射冷卻現象。由於氣溫下降，相對濕度上升，與鄰近地區出現不協調，並非儀器出現故障。當相對濕度上升至接近100%時，空氣中的水汽開始飽和，結成露或霜，氣溫亦降至最低。 圖：2021年1月13日香港各區最低氣溫。留意新界北部氣溫普遍比市區低，打鼓嶺及北潭涌氣溫更跌至0度以下，與市區相差10度。（來源：香港天文台） 一般情況下，輻射冷卻現象在日出前最顯著，日出後便會出現相反現象，稱為輻射增溫，氣溫急升出現「V型反彈」，比市區還要高。這些地區的日夜溫差變化很大，早出晚歸的市民可能要多穿衣服，有時不為市區市民所理解。 不是每次寒潮襲港都會出現輻射冷卻現象。假如天空密雲，或者風很大，或者空氣潮濕，這些條件都不利輻射冷卻現象的發生，新界地區氣溫與市區的差別就比較小。<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2397,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1671","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-43"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dreamstime_l_102786329.jpg?fit=980%2C551&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1671","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1671"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1671\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3034,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1671\/revisions\/3034"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2397"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.weather.org.hk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}